作者：邱世才
"情景對(duì)話"題無(wú)論在我們平時(shí)練習(xí)中還是測(cè)試中都是一個(gè)很重要的題型。許多同學(xué)對(duì)這種題型感到束手無(wú)策。今天我們就來(lái)談?wù)勥@種題型的解法。總的來(lái)說(shuō),我們?cè)谧鲱}時(shí)應(yīng)遵循以下"四要":
一、注意東西方文化上的差異
1. -Your dress is just wonderful!
-_______
A. You are right, thank you.
B. Thank you, and you?
C. No, no, yours is better.
D. Thank you. I'm glad to hear that.
【剖析】本題就涉及到東、西方文化的差異。對(duì)于他人的贊美,我們中國(guó)人認(rèn)為謙虛就是一種美德,凡事先要自謙一番,所以不少同學(xué)會(huì)選擇C項(xiàng)。而英美人非常講究自重自信,受人夸獎(jiǎng)、贊美時(shí),用"It's kind of you to say so."或"Thank you."來(lái)表示感謝。細(xì)讀其它三項(xiàng),只有D項(xiàng)才是很得體的、自信的回答。
2. When you first meet an English man, it is not polite to ask, "_______?"
A. How are you B. How old are you
C. How do you do
D. What's your name, please
【剖析】不同的民族有不同的思維方式,從而產(chǎn)生了各自在文化交流上的差異。在英美等國(guó)家,向某人詢問(wèn)婚姻狀況、年齡、工資收入等,都被認(rèn)為是失禮,甚至是粗魯?shù)男袨椤Ｋ麄冋J(rèn)為這些是個(gè)人隱私,不用別人過(guò)問(wèn)、打聽(tīng)。故選B。
二、注意習(xí)慣表達(dá)法的應(yīng)用
1. -May I speak to Mr Green, please?
-________
A. This is Mr Green speaking.
B. Yes, I am.
C. Do you know him?
D. I'm speaking.
【剖析】這是考查打電話的用語(yǔ)。打電話問(wèn)對(duì)方是誰(shuí),不說(shuō)"Who are you?"而要用"Who's that?"或"Is that +姓名?";回答對(duì)方或自我介紹,不用"I'm..."或"My name is..."而用"This is +姓名"。打電話時(shí),習(xí)慣用this指代自我,that指代對(duì)方。故選A。
2. -Thank you very much for lending it to me.
-_______.
A. Yes B. Don't thank me
C. No, thanks D. You're welcome
【剖析】由于受漢語(yǔ)的影響,有些同學(xué)會(huì)誤選A、B、C項(xiàng)。根據(jù)英美人的語(yǔ)言習(xí)慣可知正確答案是D項(xiàng)。回答對(duì)方感謝的話,除了"You're welcome. "外,還有 "That's all right." / "It's a pleasure." / "Don't mention it."
三、 注意依"景"確定表達(dá)式
1. -________?
-Yes, I'm looking for a pen.
A. Can I help you
B. What are you doing
C. What do you want to buy
D. What do you like
【剖析】解"情景對(duì)話"題時(shí)要把握英文中的文明得體的禮貌用語(yǔ)。如在服務(wù)行業(yè)中,漢語(yǔ)常以"你想要什么?",而英語(yǔ)常用What can I do for you? 或Can I help you?向顧客提供服務(wù)。故此題選A。
2. -________?
- Yes, but a bit cold.
A. Hot weather, isn't it
B. Cold weather, isn't it
C. A nice day, isn't it
D. Bad weather, don't you think so
【剖析】本題涉及到"談?wù)撎鞖?。A、B、D項(xiàng)均與答語(yǔ)中的but意思前后矛盾。C項(xiàng)作為問(wèn)句,答語(yǔ)變得合情合理,即"是好天氣,但有點(diǎn)兒冷",前后轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系明確。
四、 注意"答"與"問(wèn)"的一致
1. -What's the man in the hat?
-________.
A. He's my teacher
B. He is a driver
C. He is forty D. He is Li Ming
【剖析】What's the man? 此句型是針對(duì)某人的職業(yè)或身份詢問(wèn)的,表示"......是干什么的?"此句相當(dāng)于What does the man do? 故選B。
2. -What's the date today?
-________.
A. It's Thursday B. It's a fine day
C. I'm 16 D. The third, I think
【剖析】此題涉及"date"。A項(xiàng)是問(wèn)星期,與date無(wú)關(guān),應(yīng)排除;B項(xiàng)是問(wèn)天氣的,與date無(wú)關(guān);C項(xiàng)的答語(yǔ)是回答年齡的;D項(xiàng)與答語(yǔ)相一致,所以是正確答案。